Description:

A closure is a function that remembers the variables from its outer scope even after the function execution is complete.

Explanation:

Closures allow functions to access variables outside their local scope. This is useful for data encapsulation and maintaining state across function calls.

For example:

function outerFunction(outerVariable) {
    return function innerFunction(innerVariable) {
        console.log(`Outer: ${outerVariable}, Inner: ${innerVariable}`);
    };
}

const newFunction = outerFunction("Hello");
newFunction("World"); // Output: Outer: Hello, Inner: World

The innerFunction still remembers outerVariable even after outerFunction has executed, demonstrating closure behavior.